AISI 309 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel
Both AISI 309 stainless steel and ASTM A231 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 64% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 309 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 180 to 210 | |
| 540 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 34 to 47 | |
| 14 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 250 to 280 | |
| 1000 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 78 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 420 to 470 | |
| 1080 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 600 to 710 | |
| 1790 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 to 350 | |
| 1570 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 290 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 980 | |
| 420 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1400 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 16 | |
| 52 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 15 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.2 | |
| 7.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.5 | |
| 8.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 19 | |
| 2.3 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.6 | |
| 2.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 51 | |
| 28 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 170 | |
| 51 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 200 to 230 | |
| 230 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 21 to 25 | |
| 64 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 20 to 23 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 4.3 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 to 16 | |
| 53 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0.48 to 0.53 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 22 to 24 | |
| 0.8 to 1.1 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 58 to 66 | |
| 96.7 to 97.7 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0.7 to 0.9 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 12 to 15 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.045 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.75 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.3 |