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AISI 309S Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4320 Steel

Both AISI 309S stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4320 steel are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 309S stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
160 to 240
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 42
21 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210
320
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
73
Shear Strength, MPa 400
370 to 500
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580
570 to 790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230
430 to 460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1080
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1420
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
3.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 51
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 170
52

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190
140 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140
480 to 560
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
20 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
19 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13
19 to 27

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.17 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 22 to 24
0.4 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 58.1 to 66
95.8 to 97
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.45 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 12 to 15
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040