AISI 309S Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI H23 Steel

Both AISI 309S stainless steel and SAE-AISI H23 steel are iron alloys. They have 75% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (13, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 309S stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI H23 steel.

AISI 309S (S30908) Stainless Steel SAE-AISI H23 (T20823) Tungsten Hot-Work Steel

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200

Poisson's Ratio		0.27
Poisson's Ratio		0.28

Shear Modulus, GPa		78
Shear Modulus, GPa		80

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		580
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		760 to 1550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		290
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		260

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1680

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1370
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1630

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		440

Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K		15
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K		20

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		19
Base Metal Price, % relative		34

Density, g/cm³		7.8
Density, g/cm³		8.7

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		6.9

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		51
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		110

Embodied Water, L/kg		170
Embodied Water, L/kg		120

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)		23
PREN (Pitting Resistance)		32

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		14
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		22

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		24 to 49

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		21 to 34

Thermal Diffusivity, mm²/s		4.0
Thermal Diffusivity, mm²/s		5.2

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		23 to 47

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.080
Carbon (C), %		0.25 to 0.35

Chromium (Cr), %		22 to 24
Chromium (Cr), %		11 to 12.8

Copper (Cu), %		0
Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.25

Iron (Fe), %		58.1 to 66
Iron (Fe), %		71.3 to 76.7

Manganese (Mn), %		0 to 2.0
Manganese (Mn), %		0.15 to 0.4

Nickel (Ni), %		12 to 15
Nickel (Ni), %		0 to 0.3

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.045
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.030

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.75
Silicon (Si), %		0.15 to 0.6

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030

Tungsten (W), %		0
Tungsten (W), %		11 to 12.8

Vanadium (V), %		0
Vanadium (V), %		0.75 to 1.3