AISI 316 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel
Both AISI 316 stainless steel and ASTM A387 grade 21 steel are iron alloys. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 316 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 160 to 360 | |
| 150 to 180 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 8.0 to 55 | |
| 21 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 210 to 430 | |
| 160 to 250 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 78 | |
| 74 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 350 to 690 | |
| 310 to 370 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 520 to 1180 | |
| 500 to 590 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 230 to 850 | |
| 230 to 350 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 290 | |
| 260 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 590 | |
| 480 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1400 | |
| 1470 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1380 | |
| 1430 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 15 | |
| 41 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 16 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.3 | |
| 7.6 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.6 | |
| 8.8 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 19 | |
| 4.1 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.9 | |
| 1.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 53 | |
| 23 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 150 | |
| 62 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 26 | |
| 6.4 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 85 to 260 | |
| 84 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 130 to 1820 | |
| 140 to 320 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 18 to 41 | |
| 18 to 21 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 to 31 | |
| 18 to 20 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 4.1 | |
| 11 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 to 26 | |
| 14 to 17 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0.050 to 0.15 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 16 to 18 | |
| 2.8 to 3.3 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 62 to 72 | |
| 94.4 to 96 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0.3 to 0.6 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 0.9 to 1.1 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 10 to 14 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.045 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.75 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |