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AISI 409 Stainless Steel vs. 2218 Aluminum

AISI 409 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 2218 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 409 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 2218 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
73
Elongation at Break, % 24
6.8 to 10
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
27
Shear Strength, MPa 270
210 to 250
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
330 to 430
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200
260 to 310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 710
220
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
510
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 25
140
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
22

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
37
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
11
Density, g/cm3 7.7
3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 94
1130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 83
27 to 31
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 100
450 to 650
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
45
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
30 to 39
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
34 to 41
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.7
52
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
15 to 19

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
88.8 to 93.6
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0
Chromium (Cr), % 10.5 to 11.7
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Iron (Fe), % 84.9 to 89.5
0 to 1.0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.2 to 1.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
1.7 to 2.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.9
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.75
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15