AISI 414 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A229 Spring Steel
Both AISI 414 stainless steel and ASTM A229 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 85% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 414 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A229 spring steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 17 | |
| 14 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 430 to 480 | |
| 710 to 790 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 76 | |
| 72 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 550 to 590 | |
| 1020 to 1140 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 900 to 960 | |
| 1690 to 1890 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 700 to 790 | |
| 1100 to 1230 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 750 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1440 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1400 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 25 | |
| 50 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 10 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.5 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.9 | |
| 8.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 8.0 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.1 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 29 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 100 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 140 to 150 | |
| 200 to 230 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1260 to 1590 | |
| 3260 to 4080 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 32 to 34 | |
| 60 to 67 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 27 to 28 | |
| 40 to 43 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 6.7 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 33 to 35 | |
| 54 to 60 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0.55 to 0.85 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 11.5 to 13.5 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 81.8 to 87.3 | |
| 97.5 to 99 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.3 to 1.2 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.3 to 2.5 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |