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AISI 420 Stainless Steel vs. 7050 Aluminum

AISI 420 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 7050 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 420 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 7050 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 15
2.2 to 12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 670
130 to 210
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
26
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 1010
280 to 330
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1720
490 to 570
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 380 to 1310
390 to 500

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
370
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 620
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
490
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
860
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 27
140
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
35
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
100

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.5
10
Density, g/cm3 7.7
3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 88 to 130
10 to 55
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 4410
1110 to 1760
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
45
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 62
45 to 51
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 41
45 to 50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.3
54
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 62
21 to 25

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
87.3 to 92.1
Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0 to 0.040
Copper (Cu), % 0
2.0 to 2.6
Iron (Fe), % 82.3 to 87.9
0 to 0.15
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.9 to 2.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.75
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.12
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.060
Zinc (Zn), % 0
5.7 to 6.7
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.080 to 0.15
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15