AISI 422 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A321 Carbon Steel
Both AISI 422 stainless steel and ASTM A321 carbon steel are iron alloys. They have 85% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 422 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 260 to 330 | |
| 190 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 15 to 17 | |
| 21 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 410 to 500 | |
| 270 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 34 to 40 | |
| 39 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 76 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 560 to 660 | |
| 420 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 910 to 1080 | |
| 670 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 670 to 870 | |
| 390 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 270 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 650 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1480 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 24 | |
| 51 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 10 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 4.7 | |
| 7.1 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 5.3 | |
| 8.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 11 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.1 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 44 | |
| 18 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 100 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 140 to 150 | |
| 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1140 to 1910 | |
| 400 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 32 to 38 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 26 to 30 | |
| 22 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 6.4 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 33 to 39 | |
| 21 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.2 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.55 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 11 to 12.5 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 81.9 to 85.8 | |
| 98.1 to 99.25 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 1.0 | |
| 0.6 to 0.9 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.9 to 1.3 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0.5 to 1.0 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0.9 to 1.3 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |