AISI 431 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4028 Steel
Both AISI 431 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4028 steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 431 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4028 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 250 | |
| 150 to 190 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 15 to 17 | |
| 14 to 23 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 430 to 610 | |
| 180 to 330 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 550 to 840 | |
| 310 to 380 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 890 to 1380 | |
| 490 to 630 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 710 to 1040 | |
| 260 to 520 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 850 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1510 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 26 | |
| 49 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.6 | |
| 7.1 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 3.0 | |
| 8.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.0 | |
| 2.1 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.2 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 31 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 120 | |
| 47 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 140 to 180 | |
| 81 to 95 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1270 to 2770 | |
| 180 to 720 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 32 to 50 | |
| 17 to 22 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 27 to 36 | |
| 18 to 21 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 7.0 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 28 to 43 | |
| 16 to 20 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0.25 to 0.3 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 15 to 17 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 78.2 to 83.8 | |
| 98.1 to 98.7 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.7 to 0.9 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.3 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.3 to 2.5 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0.035 to 0.050 |