AISI 440B Stainless Steel vs. Hardened AISI 440C
Both AISI 440B stainless steel and hardened AISI 440C are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 440B stainless steel and the bottom bar is hardened AISI 440C.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 3.0 to 18 | |
| 2.0 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 260 to 850 | |
| 840 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 76 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 460 to 1110 | |
| 1120 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 740 to 1930 | |
| 1970 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 430 to 1860 | |
| 1900 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C | 390 | |
| 390 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 870 | |
| 870 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1480 | |
| 1480 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 1370 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 23 | |
| 22 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 10 | |
| 10 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.5 | |
| 2.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.9 | |
| 2.8 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.0 | |
| 9.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.2 | |
| 2.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 31 | |
| 31 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 120 | |
| 120 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 18 | |
| 18 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 57 to 110 | |
| 39 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 27 to 70 | |
| 71 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 to 45 | |
| 46 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 6.1 | |
| 6.0 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 27 to 70 | |
| 71 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.75 to 1.0 | |
| 1.0 to 1.2 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 16 to 18 | |
| 16 to 18 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 78.2 to 83.3 | |
| 78 to 83.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.75 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |