AISI 440C Stainless Steel vs. AISI 321 Stainless Steel
Both AISI 440C stainless steel and AISI 321 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 440C stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 321 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 2.0 to 14 | |
| 34 to 50 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 260 to 840 | |
| 220 to 270 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 76 | |
| 77 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 430 to 1120 | |
| 420 to 460 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 710 to 1970 | |
| 590 to 690 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 450 to 1900 | |
| 220 to 350 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 290 |
| Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C | 390 | |
| 480 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 870 | |
| 870 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1480 | |
| 1430 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 1400 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 22 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 10 | |
| 17 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.4 | |
| 2.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.8 | |
| 2.7 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.0 | |
| 16 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.2 | |
| 3.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 31 | |
| 45 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 120 | |
| 140 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 18 | |
| 19 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 39 to 88 | |
| 190 to 230 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 26 to 71 | |
| 21 to 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 23 to 46 | |
| 20 to 22 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 6.0 | |
| 4.1 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 26 to 71 | |
| 13 to 15 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 1.0 to 1.2 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 16 to 18 | |
| 17 to 19 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 78 to 83.1 | |
| 65.3 to 74 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.75 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 9.0 to 12 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.045 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.7 |