AISI 440C Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A372 Grade M Steel
Both AISI 440C stainless steel and ASTM A372 grade M steel are iron alloys. They have 83% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 440C stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 2.0 to 14 | |
| 18 to 21 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 260 to 840 | |
| 450 to 520 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 76 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 430 to 1120 | |
| 510 to 570 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 710 to 1970 | |
| 810 to 910 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 450 to 1900 | |
| 660 to 770 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 870 | |
| 450 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1480 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 22 | |
| 46 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 10 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.4 | |
| 8.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.8 | |
| 9.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.0 | |
| 5.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.2 | |
| 2.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 31 | |
| 27 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 120 | |
| 61 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 18 | |
| 3.4 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 39 to 88 | |
| 160 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 26 to 71 | |
| 29 to 32 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 23 to 46 | |
| 24 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 6.0 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 26 to 71 | |
| 24 to 27 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 1.0 to 1.2 | |
| 0 to 0.23 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 16 to 18 | |
| 1.5 to 2.0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 78 to 83.1 | |
| 92.5 to 95.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.75 | |
| 0.4 to 0.6 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 2.8 to 3.9 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |