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AISI 440C Stainless Steel vs. Grade 21 Titanium

AISI 440C stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 440C stainless steel and the bottom bar is grade 21 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
140
Elongation at Break, % 2.0 to 14
9.0 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 260 to 840
550 to 660
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
51
Shear Strength, MPa 430 to 1120
550 to 790
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 710 to 1970
890 to 1340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 450 to 1900
870 to 1170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 870
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1480
1740
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1690
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
500
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 22
7.5
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
7.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.0
60
Density, g/cm3 7.7
5.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.2
32
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 31
490
Embodied Water, L/kg 120
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 39 to 88
110 to 180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
32
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 71
46 to 69
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23 to 46
38 to 50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.0
2.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 26 to 71
66 to 100

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
2.5 to 3.5
Carbon (C), % 1.0 to 1.2
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 16 to 18
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 78 to 83.1
0 to 0.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.75
14 to 16
Niobium (Nb), % 0
2.2 to 3.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.17
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.015
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
76 to 81.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4

Comparable Variants