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AISI 445 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 312 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 445 stainless steel and AISI 312 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 87% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 33 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 445 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 312 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 25
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
370
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
80
Shear Strength, MPa 310
510
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 480
780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230
510

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
300
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 480
450
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 950
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1390
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 21
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.6
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.0
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
17
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.6
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 38
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 130
170

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 20
33
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98
190
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140
640
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 5.6
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 19 to 21
24 to 26
Copper (Cu), % 0.3 to 0.6
0
Iron (Fe), % 74.9 to 80.7
62.2 to 69.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.2 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.6
5.5 to 6.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0 to 0.8
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0.14 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030