ASTM A182 Grade F12 Class 1 vs. Grade VDC Steel
Both ASTM A182 grade F12 class 1 and grade VDC steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A182 grade F12 class 1 and the bottom bar is grade VDC steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 150 | |
| 510 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 50 | |
| 50 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 80 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 470 | |
| 1700 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 430 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 45 | |
| 51 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.3 | |
| 7.1 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
| 8.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.8 | |
| 1.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.6 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 21 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 52 | |
| 47 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 17 | |
| 60 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 17 | |
| 40 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 | |
| 50 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.050 to 0.15 | |
| 0.6 to 0.75 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.3 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.060 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 96.8 to 98.4 | |
| 98.3 to 99.35 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.3 to 0.6 | |
| 0.5 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.44 to 0.65 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.045 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0.15 to 0.3 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.045 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |