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ASTM A182 Grade FR vs. Grade 1 Titanium

ASTM A182 grade FR belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 1 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A182 grade FR and the bottom bar is grade 1 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170
120
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 28
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Reduction in Area, % 43
36
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
39
Shear Strength, MPa 320
200
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 490
310
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 360
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
540
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
20
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
8.8

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
3.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
7.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.3
37
Density, g/cm3 7.9
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
31
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
510
Embodied Water, L/kg 52
110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
79
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 340
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
8.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
24

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.080
Copper (Cu), % 0.75 to 1.3
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 95.2 to 97.3
0 to 0.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.1
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.6 to 2.2
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.18
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
99.095 to 100
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4