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ASTM A204 Steel vs. 7178 Aluminum

ASTM A204 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 7178 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A204 steel and the bottom bar is 7178 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 22
4.5 to 12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200 to 220
120 to 210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Shear Strength, MPa 330 to 360
140 to 380
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 520 to 590
240 to 640
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290 to 330
120 to 560

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
370
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420 to 1430
480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
860
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
31
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
91

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
10
Density, g/cm3 7.9
3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
1110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 90 to 95
24 to 52
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220 to 290
110 to 2220
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
45
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
21 to 58
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
28 to 54
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
47
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15 to 17
10 to 28