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ASTM A209 Steel vs. 2014 Aluminum

ASTM A209 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 2014 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A209 steel and the bottom bar is 2014 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
72
Elongation at Break, % 34
1.5 to 16
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180 to 200
90 to 160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Shear Strength, MPa 280 to 310
130 to 290
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420 to 460
190 to 500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 250
100 to 440

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420 to 1430
510
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
150
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
40
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1 to 8.2
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
11
Density, g/cm3 7.9
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
1130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120 to 130
6.6 to 56
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 170
76 to 1330
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 16
18 to 46
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16 to 17
25 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
58
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 14
8.4 to 22