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ASTM A209 Steel vs. 4006 Aluminum

ASTM A209 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 4006 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A209 steel and the bottom bar is 4006 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140 to 150
28 to 45
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 34
3.4 to 24
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180 to 200
35 to 110
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 280 to 310
70 to 91
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420 to 460
110 to 160
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 250
62 to 140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420 to 1430
620
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
220
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
56
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1 to 8.2
180

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120 to 130
5.1 to 26
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 170
28 to 130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 16
11 to 16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16 to 17
19 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
89
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 14
4.9 to 7.0