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ASTM A227 Spring Steel vs. AWS E90C-B3

Both ASTM A227 spring steel and AWS E90C-B3 are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A227 spring steel and the bottom bar is AWS E90C-B3.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 12
19
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1720 to 2220
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1430 to 1850
600

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
4.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
24
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
59

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 260
130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 61 to 79
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 41 to 48
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 55 to 71
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.45 to 0.85
0.050 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0
2.0 to 2.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.35
Iron (Fe), % 97.4 to 99.1
93.4 to 96.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.3
0.4 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.25 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.030
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5