ASTM A227 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4378 Stainless Steel
Both ASTM A227 spring steel and EN 1.4378 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A227 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4378 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 500 to 640 | |
| 190 to 340 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 12 | |
| 14 to 34 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 900 to 1160 | |
| 340 to 550 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 77 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 1030 to 1330 | |
| 510 to 680 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1720 to 2220 | |
| 760 to 1130 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1430 to 1850 | |
| 430 to 970 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 290 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 910 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1390 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1350 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 17 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 12 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.6 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 2.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 39 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 150 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 200 to 260 | |
| 150 to 220 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 61 to 79 | |
| 28 to 41 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 41 to 48 | |
| 24 to 31 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 55 to 71 | |
| 16 to 23 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.45 to 0.85 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 17 to 19 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97.4 to 99.1 | |
| 61.2 to 69 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.3 to 1.3 | |
| 11.5 to 14.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 2.3 to 3.7 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.060 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |