ASTM A227 Spring Steel vs. C51000 Bronze
ASTM A227 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C51000 bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A227 spring steel and the bottom bar is C51000 bronze.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 12 | |
| 2.7 to 64 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 42 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 1030 to 1330 | |
| 250 to 460 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1720 to 2220 | |
| 330 to 780 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1430 to 1850 | |
| 130 to 750 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 200 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 190 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1050 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 960 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 380 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
| 77 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 18 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
| 18 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
| 18 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 33 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 3.1 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 50 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 350 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 200 to 260 | |
| 7.0 to 490 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 7.0 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 61 to 79 | |
| 10 to 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 41 to 48 | |
| 12 to 21 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 23 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 55 to 71 | |
| 12 to 28 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.45 to 0.85 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 92.9 to 95.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97.4 to 99.1 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.3 to 1.3 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0.030 to 0.35 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0 | |
| 4.5 to 5.8 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |