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ASTM A227 Spring Steel vs. ZK51A Magnesium

ASTM A227 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while ZK51A magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A227 spring steel and the bottom bar is ZK51A magnesium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
45
Elongation at Break, % 12
4.7
Fatigue Strength, MPa 900 to 1160
62
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
18
Shear Strength, MPa 1030 to 1330
160
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1720 to 2220
240
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1430 to 1850
150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
340
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
120
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
970
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
110
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
26

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
28
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
13
Density, g/cm3 7.8
1.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
24
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
940

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 260
10
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
64
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 61 to 79
36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 41 to 48
47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
61
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 55 to 71
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.45 to 0.85
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 97.4 to 99.1
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
93.1 to 95.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.010
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
3.6 to 5.5
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.5 to 1.0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.3