ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.1127 Steel
Both ASTM A229 spring steel and EN 1.1127 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.1127 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 490 to 550 | |
| 190 to 230 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 | |
| 14 to 25 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 710 to 790 | |
| 280 to 370 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 1020 to 1140 | |
| 420 to 480 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1690 to 1890 | |
| 660 to 790 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1100 to 1230 | |
| 410 to 580 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 50 | |
| 49 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
| 7.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
| 8.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 2.1 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 49 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 200 to 230 | |
| 90 to 140 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 3260 to 4080 | |
| 440 to 880 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 60 to 67 | |
| 23 to 28 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 40 to 43 | |
| 22 to 24 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 54 to 60 | |
| 21 to 25 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.55 to 0.85 | |
| 0.34 to 0.42 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97.5 to 99 | |
| 96.6 to 98.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.3 to 1.2 | |
| 1.4 to 1.7 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |