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ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. EN AC-45000 Aluminum

ASTM A229 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN AC-45000 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN AC-45000 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 490 to 550
77
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
73
Elongation at Break, % 14
1.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 710 to 790
75
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1690 to 1890
180
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1100 to 1230
110

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
470
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
520
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
120
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
22

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
27
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
81

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
7.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
1070

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
1.7
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3260 to 4080
80
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
47
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60 to 67
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40 to 43
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
47
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 54 to 60
8.0

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
82.2 to 91.8
Carbon (C), % 0.55 to 0.85
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.15
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.0 to 5.0
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99
0 to 1.0
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.55
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.2
0.2 to 0.65
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.45
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
5.0 to 7.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.15
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 2.0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.35