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ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. CC494K Bronze

ASTM A229 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while CC494K bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is CC494K bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 490 to 550
67
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
100
Elongation at Break, % 14
7.6
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.35
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
39
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1690 to 1890
210
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1100 to 1230
94

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
180
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
970
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
890
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
360
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
63
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
19

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
16
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
31
Density, g/cm3 7.8
9.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
50
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
360

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
13
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3260 to 4080
43
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
6.4
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
17
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60 to 67
6.5
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40 to 43
8.8
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
19
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 54 to 60
7.8

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.010
Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.5
Carbon (C), % 0.55 to 0.85
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
78 to 87
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99
0 to 0.25
Lead (Pb), % 0
8.0 to 10
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.2
0 to 0.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.1
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.010
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.1
Tin (Sn), % 0
4.0 to 6.0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 2.0