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ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. Nickel 30

ASTM A229 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 30 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is nickel 30.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Elongation at Break, % 14
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 710 to 790
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
82
Shear Strength, MPa 1020 to 1140
440
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1690 to 1890
660
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1100 to 1230
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1020
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1480
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
10
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
1.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
1.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
60
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
9.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
290

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3260 to 4080
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60 to 67
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40 to 43
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
2.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 54 to 60
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.55 to 0.85
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
28 to 31.5
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 5.0
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.0 to 2.4
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99
13 to 17
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.2
0 to 0.030
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
4.0 to 6.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
30.2 to 52.2
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.3 to 1.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.020
Tungsten (W), % 0
1.5 to 4.0