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ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. Type 4 Magnetic Alloy

ASTM A229 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 4 magnetic alloy belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is Type 4 magnetic alloy.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
2.0 to 40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 710 to 790
220 to 400
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.31
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Shear Strength, MPa 1020 to 1140
420 to 630
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1690 to 1890
620 to 1100
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1100 to 1230
270 to 1040

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
900
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
440
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
60
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
10
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
210

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
22 to 200
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3260 to 4080
190 to 2840
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
22
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60 to 67
19 to 35
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40 to 43
18 to 27
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 54 to 60
21 to 37

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.55 to 0.85
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.3
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 0.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.3
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99
9.5 to 17.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.2
0 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
3.5 to 6.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
79 to 82
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.020

Comparable Variants