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ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. C18100 Copper

ASTM A229 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C18100 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is C18100 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 14
8.3
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
47
Shear Strength, MPa 1020 to 1140
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1690 to 1890
510
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1100 to 1230
460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1080
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1020
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
320
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
80
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
81

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
31
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
40
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3260 to 4080
900
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.3
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60 to 67
16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40 to 43
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
94
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 54 to 60
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.55 to 0.85
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.4 to 1.2
Copper (Cu), % 0
98.7 to 99.49
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.030 to 0.060
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.2
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.080 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5