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ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. S43940 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A229 spring steel and S43940 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 81% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is S43940 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 490 to 550
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 710 to 790
180
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1020 to 1140
310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1690 to 1890
490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1100 to 1230
280

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
890
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
3.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
38
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
86
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3260 to 4080
200
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60 to 67
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40 to 43
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
6.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 54 to 60
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.55 to 0.85
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
17.5 to 18.5
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99
78.2 to 82.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.2
0 to 1.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.3 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.1 to 0.6