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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. 514.0 Aluminum

ASTM A231 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 514.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is 514.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
50
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 14
7.3
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
48
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
25
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
140
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
180
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
74

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
140
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
35
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
8.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
11
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
26
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
57
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
7.9

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
93.6 to 96.5
Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.15
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.35
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.15
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15