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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. 705.0 Aluminum

ASTM A231 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 705.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is 705.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
62 to 65
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 14
8.4 to 10
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
63 to 98
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
240 to 260
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
130

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
890
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
140
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
34
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
8.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
1170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
18 to 20
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
49
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
24 to 26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
31 to 32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
55
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
92.3 to 98.6
Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0 to 0.4
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
0 to 0.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.4 to 1.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.2
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 3.3
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15