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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. AWS ER80S-Ni3

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and AWS ER80S-Ni3 are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is AWS ER80S-Ni3.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
27
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
630
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
530

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
4.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
52

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.35
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
93.2 to 96.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 1.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
3.0 to 3.8
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.4 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5