ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. Grade CX2MW Nickel
ASTM A231 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade CX2MW nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is grade CX2MW nickel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
220 |
Elongation at Break, % | 14 | |
34 |
Fatigue Strength, MPa | 1000 | |
260 |
Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
0.29 |
Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
84 |
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1790 | |
620 |
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1570 | |
350 |
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
330 |
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
980 |
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
1550 |
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
1490 |
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
430 |
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
10 |
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
12 |
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.3 | |
1.5 |
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.4 | |
1.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.3 | |
65 |
Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
8.9 |
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.0 | |
12 |
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 28 | |
170 |
Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
290 |
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 230 | |
180 |
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
14 |
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
23 |
Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 64 | |
19 |
Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 42 | |
18 |
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
2.7 |
Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 53 | |
17 |
Alloy Composition
Carbon (C), % | 0.48 to 0.53 | |
0 to 0.020 |
Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.1 | |
20 to 22.5 |
Iron (Fe), % | 96.7 to 97.7 | |
2.0 to 6.0 |
Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
0 to 1.0 |
Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
12.5 to 14.5 |
Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
51.3 to 63 |
Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
0 to 0.025 |
Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
0 to 0.8 |
Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
0 to 0.025 |
Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
2.5 to 3.5 |
Vanadium (V), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
0 to 0.35 |