ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. SAE-AISI D5 Steel
Both ASTM A231 spring steel and SAE-AISI D5 steel are iron alloys. They have 83% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D5 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
190 |
Elongation at Break, % | 14 | |
5.4 to 14 |
Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
0.28 |
Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
75 |
Shear Strength, MPa | 1080 | |
470 to 1180 |
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1790 | |
770 to 2030 |
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
270 |
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
1430 |
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
1390 |
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
480 |
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
27 |
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
11 |
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.3 | |
4.2 |
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.4 | |
4.9 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.3 | |
13 |
Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
7.7 |
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.0 | |
3.5 |
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 28 | |
51 |
Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
120 |
Common Calculations
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
14 |
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
25 |
Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 64 | |
28 to 73 |
Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 42 | |
24 to 46 |
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
7.4 |
Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 53 | |
26 to 67 |
Alloy Composition
Carbon (C), % | 0.48 to 0.53 | |
1.4 to 1.6 |
Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.1 | |
11 to 13 |
Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
2.5 to 3.5 |
Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
0 to 0.25 |
Iron (Fe), % | 96.7 to 97.7 | |
77.9 to 84.4 |
Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
0 to 0.6 |
Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
0.7 to 1.2 |
Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
0 to 0.3 |
Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
0 to 0.030 |
Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
0 to 0.6 |
Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
0 to 0.030 |
Vanadium (V), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
0 to 1.0 |