ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. ASTM B540 Palladium
ASTM A232 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while ASTM B540 palladium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is ASTM B540 palladium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 | |
| 1.1 to 14 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 1040 | |
| 350 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.38 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 39 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 1090 | |
| 500 to 700 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1790 | |
| 830 to 1240 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1610 | |
| 620 to 1000 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 140 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1220 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1020 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 240 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 14 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.3 | |
| 4.9 to 5.5 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.4 | |
| 3.5 to 3.9 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 13 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 250 | |
| 13 to 100 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 4.7 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 12 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 64 | |
| 18 to 27 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 42 | |
| 15 to 20 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 53 | |
| 41 to 61 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.48 to 0.53 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.1 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 13.5 to 14.5 |
| Gold (Au), % | 0 | |
| 9.5 to 10.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 96.8 to 97.7 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0 | |
| 34 to 36 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Platinum (Pt), % | 0 | |
| 9.5 to 10.5 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Silver (Ag), % | 0 | |
| 29 to 31 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0.8 to 1.2 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |