ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.7216 Steel
Both ASTM A232 spring steel and EN 1.7216 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.7216 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 540 | |
| 200 to 280 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 | |
| 12 to 23 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 1040 | |
| 290 to 440 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 1090 | |
| 410 to 560 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1790 | |
| 650 to 930 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1610 | |
| 400 to 690 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 420 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
| 46 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.3 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.4 | |
| 8.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.3 | |
| 2.4 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.0 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 28 | |
| 20 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 50 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 250 | |
| 110 to 130 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 64 | |
| 23 to 33 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 42 | |
| 21 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 53 | |
| 19 to 27 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.48 to 0.53 | |
| 0.27 to 0.34 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.1 | |
| 0.8 to 1.2 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 96.8 to 97.7 | |
| 97.2 to 98.4 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 0.35 to 0.6 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |