ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.7230 Steel
Both ASTM A232 spring steel and EN 1.7230 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.7230 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 540 | |
| 220 to 270 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 | |
| 11 to 12 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 1040 | |
| 320 to 460 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1790 | |
| 720 to 910 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1610 | |
| 510 to 740 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 420 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
| 44 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.3 | |
| 7.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.4 | |
| 8.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.3 | |
| 2.4 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.0 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 28 | |
| 20 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 51 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 250 | |
| 79 to 97 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 64 | |
| 26 to 32 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 42 | |
| 23 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 53 | |
| 21 to 27 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.48 to 0.53 | |
| 0.3 to 0.37 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.1 | |
| 0.8 to 1.2 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 96.8 to 97.7 | |
| 96.7 to 98.3 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 0.5 to 0.8 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.6 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |