MakeItFrom.com
Menu (ESC)

ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. Grade 11 Titanium

ASTM A232 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 11 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is grade 11 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
120
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 14
29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Reduction in Area, % 46
37
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
38
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
200
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
310
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
540
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
22
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
9.2

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
3.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
7.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
47
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
800
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
470

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
81
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
8.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
0 to 0.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.18
Palladium (Pd), % 0
0.12 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
98.8 to 99.88
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4