ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. Monel K-500
ASTM A232 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Monel K-500 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is Monel K-500.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 160 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 | |
| 25 to 36 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 1040 | |
| 260 to 560 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 61 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 1090 | |
| 430 to 700 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1790 | |
| 640 to 1100 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1610 | |
| 310 to 880 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 270 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 900 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1350 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1320 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 440 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 14 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.3 | |
| 3.1 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.4 | |
| 3.2 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.3 | |
| 50 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.0 | |
| 8.1 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 28 | |
| 120 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 280 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 250 | |
| 180 to 260 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 10 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 21 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 64 | |
| 21 to 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 42 | |
| 19 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 4.8 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 53 | |
| 21 to 36 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 2.3 to 3.2 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.48 to 0.53 | |
| 0 to 0.18 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.1 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 27 to 33 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 96.8 to 97.7 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 0 to 1.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 63 to 70.4 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0.35 to 0.85 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |