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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. Type 3 Magnetic Alloy

ASTM A232 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 3 magnetic alloy belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is Type 3 magnetic alloy.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
180
Elongation at Break, % 14
43
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.31
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
70
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
380
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
210

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
910
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1370
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1320
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
55
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
8.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
120
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
220

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
22
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
17
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
2.0 to 3.0
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 0.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
4.0 to 6.0
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
9.9 to 19
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
75 to 78
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.020
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0