ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. C10500 Copper
ASTM A232 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C10500 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is C10500 copper.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 120 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 | |
| 2.8 to 51 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 43 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 1090 | |
| 150 to 210 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1790 | |
| 220 to 400 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1610 | |
| 75 to 400 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 210 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 200 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1080 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1080 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 390 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
| 390 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 17 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.3 | |
| 100 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.4 | |
| 100 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.3 | |
| 32 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 9.0 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.0 | |
| 2.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 28 | |
| 42 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 350 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 250 | |
| 11 to 90 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 7.2 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 64 | |
| 6.8 to 12 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 42 | |
| 9.1 to 14 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 110 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 53 | |
| 7.8 to 14 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.48 to 0.53 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.1 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 99.89 to 99.966 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 96.8 to 97.7 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0010 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Silver (Ag), % | 0 | |
| 0.034 to 0.060 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |