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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. C77400 Nickel Silver

ASTM A232 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C77400 nickel silver belongs to the copper alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is C77400 nickel silver.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 14
25
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.3
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
42
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
570
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
250

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
170
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
130
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
810
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
770
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
390
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
27
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
31

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
25
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
57
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
320

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.7
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
20
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
19
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
43 to 47
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
0
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
9.0 to 11
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
41.3 to 48
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5