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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. C81500 Copper

ASTM A232 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C81500 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is C81500 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
110
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 14
17
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
44
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
350
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
280

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1090
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1080
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
320
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
82
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
83

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
31
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
56
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.3
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
11
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
12
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
91
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.1
Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0.4 to 1.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
97.4 to 99.6
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
0 to 0.1
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.020
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.15
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5