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ASTM A266 Carbon Steel vs. 1080 Aluminum

ASTM A266 carbon steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 1080 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A266 carbon steel and the bottom bar is 1080 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 26
4.6 to 40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170 to 200
21 to 48
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 320 to 380
49 to 78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 600
72 to 130
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 290
17 to 120

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
640
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51 to 52
230
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
61
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1 to 8.2
200

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18 to 19
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 46 to 47
1200

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
4.7 to 21
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 230
2.1 to 100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
7.4 to 14
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
14 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
94
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 19
3.2 to 6.0