ASTM A299 Steel vs. EN 2.4951 Nickel
ASTM A299 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4951 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A299 steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4951 nickel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 180 to 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 to 22 | |
| 34 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 230 to 250 | |
| 200 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 76 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 370 to 390 | |
| 500 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 590 to 620 | |
| 750 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 330 to 360 | |
| 270 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 320 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 1150 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1360 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1310 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 460 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 51 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
| 1.6 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.2 | |
| 1.7 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.9 | |
| 60 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 9.3 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 130 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 47 | |
| 280 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 | |
| 200 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 290 to 350 | |
| 190 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 21 to 22 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 20 to 21 | |
| 22 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 3.1 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 17 to 18 | |
| 23 |