ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. EN 1.1122 Steel
Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and EN 1.1122 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.1122 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 190 | |
| 100 to 130 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 | |
| 12 to 21 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 270 | |
| 170 to 260 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 39 | |
| 63 to 73 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 420 | |
| 240 to 290 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 670 | |
| 340 to 460 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 390 | |
| 240 to 370 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 51 | |
| 51 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.1 | |
| 7.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.1 | |
| 8.0 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 18 | |
| 18 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 120 | |
| 36 to 89 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 400 | |
| 160 to 360 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 | |
| 12 to 16 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 | |
| 14 to 17 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 21 | |
| 11 to 15 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.55 | |
| 0.080 to 0.12 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.1 to 99.25 | |
| 98.7 to 99.62 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.6 to 0.9 | |
| 0.3 to 0.6 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |