ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1151 Steel
Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and SAE-AISI 1151 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1151 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 190 | |
| 210 to 220 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 270 | |
| 260 to 410 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 39 | |
| 34 to 40 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 72 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 420 | |
| 430 to 480 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 670 | |
| 710 to 800 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 390 | |
| 390 to 660 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 51 | |
| 51 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.1 | |
| 10 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.1 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 18 | |
| 18 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 120 | |
| 86 to 100 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 400 | |
| 400 to 1170 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 | |
| 25 to 28 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 | |
| 22 to 24 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 21 | |
| 22 to 25 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.55 | |
| 0.48 to 0.55 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.1 to 99.25 | |
| 98.3 to 98.7 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.6 to 0.9 | |
| 0.7 to 1.0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0.080 to 0.13 |