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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. S44330 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and S44330 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 77% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is S44330 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 420
280
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
440
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
990
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
21
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
3.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
13
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
40
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
91
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
5.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0 to 0.025
Chromium (Cr), % 0
20 to 23
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.3 to 0.8
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
72.5 to 79.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.8
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.025
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.8