ASTM A356 Grade 1 vs. ASTM B817 Type I
ASTM A356 grade 1 belongs to the iron alloys classification, while ASTM B817 type I belongs to the titanium alloys.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 1 and the bottom bar is ASTM B817 type I.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 100 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 23 | |
| 4.0 to 13 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 200 | |
| 360 to 520 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.32 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 39 | |
| 5.0 to 29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 40 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 550 | |
| 770 to 960 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 280 | |
| 700 to 860 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 340 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1600 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1550 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 560 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 51 | |
| 7.1 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 9.6 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.0 | |
| 1.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.1 | |
| 2.0 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 36 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 4.4 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 38 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 18 | |
| 610 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 45 | |
| 200 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 | |
| 30 to 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 210 | |
| 2310 to 3540 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 20 | |
| 48 to 60 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 19 | |
| 42 to 49 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 2.9 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 18 | |
| 54 to 68 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 5.5 to 6.8 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Chlorine (Cl), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.3 to 100 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.7 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Sodium (Na), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 87 to 91 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 4.5 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |